I doser v4 5 all doses readnfo. Doser was released it. I am very please to announce that v4 of my pack.each dose can be played on one computer as many times as you want if you have i doser v4.5. I-Doser: Binaural Brainwave Doses – huh? Posted By RichC on May 17, 2007 I heard a news story today that referenced an Internet music portal for lack of a better description that sells a product that the reporter referenced to several illegal drugs.
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. 11/654,808, hereby abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser.
10/453,087 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 09/859,249 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 08/784,284 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 08/501,977 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 08/214,634 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 07/902,358 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser. 07/716,662 (abandoned), which is a continuation-in-part application of application Ser.
07/435,515 (abandoned). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION. An early example of using a volume of liquid to measure something other than volume is the mercury thermometer. Galileo Galilei invented the first thermometers (these used density). The first with numerical scales were invented for medical use by Santorio Santorio about 1600. In 1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the first mercury thermometer.
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These familiar devices use calibrated marks on the tube to allow the temperature to be read by the volume of the mercury within the tube, which varies according to the temperature. The current invention came about in the study of one of the most commonly administered liquid medications for children, fluoride in multivitamins. These products were invented independently by at least 3 pediatricians—Peebles, Margolis, and Hamberg. Brands such as Poly-Vi-Flor® became exceedingly popular starting in about 1962, and probably about a fourth of children born since then have had them.
(About the only kids who did not were those who lived with fluoridated water, which is about half the country, and those who did not go to a pediatrician for some reason.). There are two factors that complicate fluoride dosing of infants. The first is the teeth that are growing at that time. Some are particularly sensitive to too little fluoride, and others are particularly sensitive to too much fluoride. The two areas where we would like to prevent cavities are the first permanent molars (very important teeth that help keep the rest of the teeth straight, and very cavity-prone without fluoride) and the front baby teeth. The front baby teeth, up near the gum line, are sometimes attacked by “bottle rot” (which requires an expensive and risky repair). The growing teeth that we would like to protect from too much fluoride are the permanent front teeth.
The part of these teeth that is forming is the leading edge, and this is the part of a smile that shows the most. It is the last place you would want to have a cosmetic defect like a white spot. Fluoride is usually prescribed for a long period of time, since the child will need it every day during childhood. Historically fluoride has been prescribed by age even though it is well known that the optimum would be to prescribe it by weight.
For example, children born during the 1960's and 70's were prescribed 0.5 mg/day from birth to age 3 years, then 1 mg/day. This dosage schedule caused a very common and very recognizable pattern of cavities and white spotting:. 1. Cavities: almost none. Half the kids have only 4 cavities (fillings now) in a very specific place.
The 6th tooth back from the front, one in each corner of the mouth. And only on the chewing surface of those teeth. (These are the first permanent molars. The chewing surfaces form in pregnancy just before the fluoride started, so got cavities. The rest of these molars, and the rest of the permanent teeth, formed after birth, so got fluoride and no decay.).
2. White spots: lots. More than half the kids had white spots on the leading edge of their front teeth, the precise part of the tooth that formed at birth when the doses were the highest relative to the small body size. By the time the rest of the tooth formed, the children had grown into their doses and the enamel looks great just above the white spots. (Further reading: Aasenden R, Peebles T C.
Effects of fluoride supplementation from birth on human deciduous and permanent teeth. Arch Oral Biol 1974; 19:321 and 1978; 23:111.). Children born today (2009, and since May 1995) in the USA are generally not given any fluoride for the first 6 months of infancy. Then they start on a slightly lower schedule than in the recent past. If clinical trials and common sense are any indication, by the time these kids are about 5 years old it will be obvious that these kids will see an increase in tooth decay over the course of their childhood.
They should have more cavities than their parents who were born in the 60's, 70's, and 80's with relatively high fluoride. However, the new kids will still have far less cavities than their grandparents born in the days before fluoride became popular.
By the time the new kids are about 10 years old it will probably be seen that the fluorosis is just as prevalent as before. However, it should be a little different.
It should be milder (doses being lower). And it should have shifted up on their front teeth about ⅛′ of an inch since the sudden increase in fluoride will have happened at age 6 months rather than at birth like before.
Prophy Research Corporation will keep a web site that will give you the latest opinions on the best way to have your kids' teeth look great and have no cavities. The title is “Infant fluoride and the OptiDose® dropper—by Ray Grogan”. Lately search engines like Yahoo!® and Google™ make it the number one site if you just search for “infant fluoride optidose” (without quotation marks). Here are a few methods that work fine without getting involved with the current invention.
(There are even more methods on the web site.). One team has devised another way that has worked very, very well. Glenn of Miami have experimented with providing fluoride in pregnancy, which is when tooth development begins (most of the baby teeth are formed in pregnancy). Their several thousand patients have had excellent dental health (about 95% completely cavity-free, beautiful teeth) regardless of what followed pregnancy. While most have had some combination of fluoridated water, plain fluoride, and/or fluoride in vitamins, the fluoride in pregnancy seems to be a very important beginning. (In December 2000 the Glenns published a useful and amusing book. How to have children with perfect teeth.).
Having a relatively high amount of fluoride in pregnancy, followed by a relatively low amount during infancy, is probably fairly close to the “natural” model. (Primitive diets for adults and older children were relatively high in fluoride from lots of rough plant materials, animal foods such as bone marrow, and seafoods. During infancy breast milk was the sole food, and that is relatively low in fluoride. Primitive people had almost perfect teeth. There was enough dietary fluoride to cause fluorosis occasionally.).
Another method just for infancy involves a special water and powdered formula. This one would work especially well following prenatal fluoride, as the fluoride from pregnancy seems to extend well into infancy via fluoride reserves stored in the teeth, bones, and other infant tissues (similar to iron reserves). This should suffice during the period of breast feeding (usually less than 6 months nowadays). Once a child is switched to formula the new method can begin. To get the fluoride intake perfect when using powdered formula, use a commercial baby water. (Examples: Beech-Nut® Spring Water with Fluoride, Hinckley Springs Nursery® Water. Dependable sources are big stores like K-Mart® (with other baby stuff) and Wal-Mart® (with other waters).
All of these have about 0.5 mg F, which is about half the strength of fluoridated water. Overall this is one of the easiest and best methods of getting perfect fluoride. Since feeding automatically parallels growth, the dosage will take care of itself. By starting in pregnancy, and by getting through infancy with a very gentle dosing, the remainder of childhood can be dosed according to the regular pediatric dosage schedule. The most well-known prior art is ordinary medicine droppers. Existing medicine droppers have volume scales, which are usually labeled with ml, cc, tsp, OZ, and the like, These can be used to dose by body weight, IF you have a dosage table, or have the dosage (usually in mg/kg) and concentration (usually mg/ml) necessary to do your own calculations.
However, mistakes are made. For example, in the 12-4-02 Wall Street Journal, the page D3 headline is “Drug dosing is major cause of hospital errors”. Here is a quote: “For children, the problem often stems from a miscalculation when converting weight from pounds to kilograms, leading to improper dosing.” (Patent citations: Munch, '1,533,753 shows a metal casing that slips over a medicine dropper to add a volume scale, “whereby the plain glass element may be used to measure various quantities of liquid”. George '4,693,709 for syringes and Swartwout '4,416,381 for cups.). There are two candidates for the closest prior art.
Physically it is probably the dispenser introduced with Zimecterin in 1984. This dispenser uses an oral syringe with a body weight scale on it, with the scale going from full to empty as the syringe is filled. In other words, when the syringe holds the least the scale reads at its maximum. This is because this dispenser comes fully loaded, and the scale is used as the medication is used up. It could not be used to be filled to the body weight of a patient on the scale.
For example, if one of these prior art scales went from zero to 100 pounds, and it were filled to the 10-pound mark, it would actually be filled to 90% of its volume, or to a 90-pound dose. However, it works absolutely fine as designed.
If it were completely filled (which is how it comes), and the plunger is pushed down to the 10-pound mark, the syringe would dispense 10% of its volume, the correct 10-pound dose. (Sold by Farnam Companies, Inc/301 West Osborn/POB 34820/Phoenix, Ariz. Advertised in Tack 'n Togs, November 1984. This type of dispenser is now almost universal in similar animal medications.). Functionally the closest prior art is a medicine cup with child and adult doses.
This cup is shown (incidentally) in UK 364,528 (Wadsworth, 1931, FIG. 9), or in a contemporary commercial product, COMTREX® Bristol-Myers® 1987 (until labeling for children was stopped in about 1992). This child-adult cup is filled with a dose that is roughly the size of the patient. It is easy to use and only requires one piece. It does not use a numerical scale, and it is not accurate.
It does not, for example, distinguish between a 25-pound child and a 100-pound child. In Europe Janssen has pioneered a new type of dosing device that has the potential to solve many dosing problems. (First commercial use in Prepulsid® (cisapride) in Switzerland, 1989; later used with Hismanal® (astemizole) in Panama, 1990, now used in about 20 products around the world.) These elegant devices, which use a body weight scale on an oral syringe, allow precise dosing of each child. This is substantially the same as FIG.
4 of the current invention. In private Janssen had working models well before the current invention. Janssen did not sell or publish their invention before the date of the current invention.
There is prior art that is purely about using well-placed indicia to save a calculating step. Miller invented a measuring cup for bakers who want to make some fractional part of a full recipe (for example, making one loaf of bread from a recipe that normally makes three loaves). His cup looks just like a regular measuring cup, only it is shrunk to one-third the size, and has a label saying “⅓ recipe”. (The Court of Customs and patent Appeals threw out a “printed matter” objection and said that it was new and unobvious.) (217 USPQ 401 and 164 USPQ 46.). There have been other attempts to dose according to body size.
Darbon (French patent # 70.09318, 1971) and Dr. Broselow (U.S.
5,010,656, 1991) have each proposed devices that calculate an accurate dose of medication, based on body size, as some other task is being performed (mixing the drug in Darbon's case and measuring the patient in Broselow's). These devices are very accurate, but both require two pieces and two steps to use. Broselow's system is based on a length measuring tape with coded zones and dispensers coded to the tape. It is inexpensive, easy to use, and would work better than the status quo for fluoride and many other pediatric medications. Dose calculating dispensers are used with liquid medications.
And come in several forms. A dose by weight medicine dropper is made by marking a simple body weight scale directly on a medicine dropper. To get an exact dose, all a parent has to do is fill the dropper up to the body weight of his or her child on the numerical scale. The scale works by converting volume into a more usable measurement of dose per body weight.
The dropper becomes, in essence, a combined medicine dropper and dosage calculator. Similar dose calculating dispensers can be made with oral syringes and medicine cups, and with other scales based on body length, body surface area, and age. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS. Body weight scale 13 contains at least two discrete numerical points in a series, such that a change in volume corresponds to a change in pounds body weight.
Body weight scale 13 is self-contained in the sense that in it is all the dosage information needed, presuming the user already knows the weight of the patient. The user does not require dosage tables or other information sources. Body weight scale 13 does not refer to codes or other information that is not understandable in and of itself. Body weight scale 13 is on medicine dropper 10 so that the scale 13 is used to calculate a dose when the tube 12 is filled to the body weight of the patient, in one easy step and with one simple tool.
When the dose is calculated by the scale 13, there is no need for a separate traditional method of calculating body weight doses, such as dosage tables, manual or electronic calculations, etc. The numerical points on scale 13 directly represent numeric body characteristic dimensions such as weight in this case. Additional embodiments for dose calculating dispensers are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 6. Scales may be made for children and adults of various sizes. 2 shows an embodiment similar to FIG. 1, except based on a body length scale 15 visible upon medicine dropper 10.
Body length scale 15 also uses only conventional measuring units that are already used to measure body length, such as inches or centimeters. 3 shows a medicine cup 16 with a body weight scale 13 and an age scale 18 marked on the cylinder-like reservoir 32 with a closed bottom and an open top.
Age scale 18 also uses only conventional measuring units that are already used to measure age, such as months or years. 4 shows an oral syringe 20 with body weight scale 13 visible upon the tube-like reservoir 28.
A plunger 30 slides within the tube-like reservoir 28 at the top end. There is an opening 14 at the bottom end of the tube-like reservoir 28. As the plunger 30 is pulled up, away from the opening 14, the volume in the reservoir increases and the value indicated on body weight scale 13 increases. The body weight scale 13 is directionally proportional to the volume in the reservoir 28. 5 shows a prescription label 22 with a patient's age 24 and weight 26, which may be used for extra clarity. 6 shows an embodiment similar to FIG.
1, except based on a body surface area scale 34 on medicine dropper 10. Body surface area scale 34 also uses only conventional measuring units that are already used to measure body surface area, such as square feet or square meters.
Other phrases that describe this invention are “a weight of patient indicator for a medicine dropper” and “patient weight indicia on medicine dropper”. (This is paraphrasing a contemporary invention by Chanoch, 1997, U.S.